What Documents Do I Need to Buy Property in Nigeria? Checklist 2026
Buying property in Nigeria requires specific legal documents. This complete checklist covers every document you need, from the Certificate of Occupancy to the Governor's Consent.
Essential Documents Checklist
| Document | Purpose | Cost | Timeline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) | Proves legal ownership | ₦50K - ₦200K | 5-14 days |
| Governor's Consent | Transfers ownership | 10% of property value | 6-12 weeks |
| Survey Plan | Defines property boundaries | ₦100K - ₦500K | 2-4 weeks |
| Deed of Assignment | Legal transfer document | ₦50K - ₦150K | 1-2 weeks |
| Building Approval | Construction permit | Varies | 4-8 weeks |
| Tax Clearance Certificate | Proof of tax compliance | Free | 1-2 weeks |
| Valid ID (Passport/NIN) | Identity verification | Free | Immediate |
How to Verify Property Documents
Always verify documents at the state land registry. Your lawyer should check for encumbrances, liens, and government acquisition. This process takes 5-14 business days and costs ₦50,000-₦200,000.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Never buy property without verifying the C of O. Never pay cash without a receipt. Never sign documents without a lawyer present. Always use escrow for payments.
Need Help with Property Documents?
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Certificate of Occupancy vs Governor's Consent • Governor's Consent Timeline 2026 • Nigerian Buying Guide